On 01 November in 1922 AD/CE, the Great Ottoman Empire was finally abolished by the Grand National Assembly. The dream of Osman lasted for 623 years. The empire was spread over 3 continents and was one of the long-lasting empires in the world.
The Ottoman Empire’s sovereignty was embodied in the dynasty of Osman I, who was its founder and namesake. His family had ruled since 1299 in an unbroken lineage throughout the empire’s history. The Ottoman sultan maintained supreme authority over the Ottoman Empire’s polity. The sultan was the empire’s sole and absolute regent, head of state, and head of government.
See Also: Early Ottoman Territorial Expansion, Osman I
There became a total of around 272 Grand Viziers who worked as the prime ministers for the Sultan. The first-ever Grand Vizier, Alaeddin Pasha, was appointed by Orhan Bey when he ascended the throne after Osman’s death. Alaeddin Pasha was the son of Osman and the stepbrother of Orhan (disputed).
It was Sultan Mehmed II, who fulfilled the dream of his forefathers when he conquered Constantinople in 1453. Sultans like Selim I and Suleiman the Magnificent witnessed the glorious era of the empire. During their time, the empire reached its zenith.
The age of Sultan Abdul Hamid II is marked by a lot of reformations and modernization of the empire. He is considered to be the founder of modern Turkey. Although he came to power at a time of political upheaval, his modernizing efforts ultimately laid the foundation for modern Turkey; the founders of the Turkish republic were educated at schools founded by Abdul Hamid II.
See Also: Seljuk Dynasty Family Tree
